Application of Transient Voltage Suppression Diodes (TVS Devices) in Protecting Integrated Op Amps
The integrated operational amplifier is highly sensitive to external electrical stress. During its operation, if excessive voltage or current occurs due to user errors or abnormal working conditions—especially surges and static electricity—it can easily damage or alter the performance of the op-amp. To prevent overvoltage damage, protection methods are typically implemented at the input stage of the differential mode.
In integrated circuits, if a capacitor is charged to a high potential and then the power supply is suddenly disconnected, a transient voltage may appear at the input terminal, causing a large discharge current that can harm the operational amplifier. This effect becomes more pronounced when the capacitance is relatively large, such as exceeding 0.1μF. Without proper protection, this situation can lead to internal circuit failure in the op-amp.
To address this issue, a simple yet effective protection circuit can be added to limit the differential mode voltage from exceeding safe levels. This helps safeguard the op-amp from unexpected voltage spikes and ensures more reliable operation. By incorporating components like zener diodes, resistors, or clamping circuits, the risk of damage caused by transient voltages can be significantly reduced, making the overall system more robust and durable under varying operating conditions.
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