How to choose a water purifier? Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, RO reverse osmosis
Last week, we talked to you about the problem of not drinking pure water. In fact, the conclusion is not complicated. Drinking pure water will not delay everyone's health. Of course, choosing to drink boiled tap water and mineral water will not cause any problems. As long as the water does not contain harmful substances such as bacteria and heavy metals, it is not necessary to pay much attention to which kind of water to drink.
However, the water quality of our daily tap water is not stable. Many factors may pollute our daily water. If the normal drinking water depends on bottled water and tap water, the water quality problem needs us to pay attention to it.
So how do we pay attention to drinking water? The water purifier is probably the only way out, but don't worry, not all households need water purifiers, nor do all households need to buy expensive water purification equipment, and the standard of judgment is also It is not difficult, a TDS test pen with dozens of dollars of shipping can be.
Do we need a water purifier? First, the most straightforward way to judge is to buy a TDS test pen. This device can estimate the total amount of charged ions in the water according to the conductivity of the water. If the test value is too high, then the water contains The charged ion content is much, and the water quality is naturally not very good.
However, the TDS test pen can only estimate the content of charged ions, and has no detection effect on other substances such as bacteria and viruses. Therefore, if the test results are excellent, then some simple and cheap water filtration schemes are sufficient. For example, filtration with a filter kettle or simple boiling is not a problem.
But if the results of the test are not ideal or even high, then the water purifier still needs to know. Again, this article will only discuss the filtration of drinking water, and other filtering sections will not be detailed.
What are the water purification technologies? The materials used for purification and filtration at the drinking water end are not complicated. There are mainly stainless steel strainers, PP cotton, activated carbon and various filter membranes. The first three materials cannot remove parts due to their large pore size. Bacteria, viruses, water-soluble salts and heavy metal ions, so the main character of clean water filtration is mainly the last various filtration membranes.
At present, there are mainly three kinds of filter membrane technologies on the market, namely ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and RO reverse osmosis. The difference between the first three membranes is mainly that the pore size of the membrane is different, and the substances that can be filtered are different.
The reverse osmosis is to pressurize the tap water at one end of the RO membrane. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the water molecules will reversely penetrate against the direction of natural penetration, thereby obtaining pure water. The theory is not important, let's talk about the effect.
RO reverse osmosis
Let's talk about RO reverse osmosis. After all, this is the ultimate water purification solution for home use. The water obtained is almost the same as pure water and can be directly consumed.
RO reverse osmosis technology is different from general filtration technology in that the water purifier using reverse osmosis filtration needs to be energized, and the wastewater will be generated during the filtration process. The ratio of waste water to purified water is about 1:1 to 1:3. So every time you filter, you will waste more than half of the water.
Principle of reverse osmosis technology
Although RO reverse osmosis is a bit confusing, if it is only used for drinking water filtration, it is about 2 liters of water per person per day. A family of 3 will waste 18 liters of water every day, and will waste about 6.57 tons of water a year. The calculation of the economy is completely within the acceptable range. The environmental protection point is determined by the savings in water use.
RO reverse osmosis
Advantages: The purified water is basically pure water.
Disadvantages: Waste water, electricity, and water are very slow.
Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration
These two kinds of filter membranes are said one by one. Ultrafiltration is the most mainstream water purification membrane at present. In fact, many water purifiers using RO reverse osmosis principle are equipped with three pre-filters of PP cotton, activated carbon and ultrafiltration membrane. Therefore, the general RO reverse osmosis water purifier will also be equipped with ultrafiltration membrane.
Ultrafiltration membranes filter most of the impurities in the water, but they are still free of heavy metal ions. Nanofiltration is a filtration method between ultrafiltration and RO reverse osmosis. This membrane has a negative charge and can repel the negatively charged heavy metal ions outside the membrane, while retaining the positively charged calcium and magnesium in the water. Trace elements such as sodium, in principle, can remove harmful heavy metals and retain substances beneficial to the human body.
Since the nanofiltration has a small pore size, it is also required to be energized and pressurized, and a part of the wastewater is generated. However, compared to RO reverse osmosis, the nanofiltration pore size is still much larger, so the pressure required is less, the proportion of wastewater is less, and the water output speed will be faster.
Ultrafiltration
Advantages: low cost, fast water delivery, no need to run on power
Disadvantages: unable to completely filter heavy metal ions
Nanofiltration
Advantages: retain beneficial trace elements and filter most harmful substances
Disadvantages: need to be energized to produce wastewater
Which kind of water purification technology is suitable for us? In fact, the quality requirements of tap water in China are very high, but due to problems such as aging of water pipes, improper maintenance of water tanks, and sudden pollution of water sources, water quality may be contaminated.
If your home is a new residential area and you use a water pump to supply water, then there is no problem with the water delivery equipment at the terminal. The water quality is more secure. It is safer to use ordinary water filter or boiling water. Pay attention to an ultrafiltration water purifier.
But if your home is an older home, water supply from a high-rise tank, or you have no confidence in the water supply to your home, then we only recommend you to buy a RO reverse osmosis water purifier, be a pure waterist.
Why not recommend a nanofiltration water purifier that retains beneficial substances? That is because the pore size of the membrane is not so uniform, but it is normally distributed, so any filtration means can not filter out all impurities.
For substances with large particle diameters, ultrafiltration membranes can be trapped, while for heavy metal ions, the filtration rate of nanofiltration is very affected by the quality of the filter. At this time, the RO reverse osmosis membrane with smaller pore size is more advantageous. It is also the place where nanofiltration is more awkward.
In addition, the calcium, magnesium and other substances left by the nanofiltration are not important. These elements can be easily replenished from the daily diet. The trace elements in the water can not be used to supplement the nutrition. Pure water is safer and more reliable.
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