Save time and save 3D printing new method to promote 4D printing simplification

A group of researchers has developed a new 3D printing method. This approach reduces printing time and material savings by up to 90% while completely eliminating time-consuming mechanical programming in design and manufacturing workflows. In addition, the method greatly simplifies 4D printing and increases its potential by incorporating mechanical programming post-processing steps directly into the 3D printing process.


Recently, a group of researchers have developed a new 3D printing method to create objects that can be permanently converted into different shapes in response to heat. The team created objects by printing shape memory polymers, each designed to react differently when exposed to heat.

Jerry Qi, a professor at the George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, said: "This new approach greatly simplifies 4D printing by adding mechanical programming post-processing steps directly into the 3D printing process, and increases its potential. This allows for computer simulation, 3D. Print design high-resolution 3D printing components and then quickly and quickly convert to a new permanent configuration with simple heating."

It is reported that the research team released the research results in the journal Science Progress.

The new 3D printed objects they developed follow the early work of the team using Smart Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs), which have the ability to record a shape and fold along the hinge when applying even heat. , changed to another programming shape.

“This approach reduces printing time and material savings by up to 90% while completely eliminating time-consuming mechanical programming in design and manufacturing workflows,” says Qi.

To demonstrate the capabilities of the new process, the team created several objects that, when immersed in hot water, can be bent or expanded quickly, including real daisy-like imitations of the petals, such as real daisy that responds to sunlight, and lattice-like enlargement of the original size. Eight times.

According to Zhen Ding, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Technology and Design in Singapore, “The composite we have at room temperature is a soft material that can be programmed to contain internal stress and the other material is rigid.”

“We use computational simulation to design composite parts where the shape and size of the rigid material prevents the programmed internal stress from being released from the soft material after 3D printing. When heated, the hard material softens and the soft material releases its pressure. Changes in product shape."

Researchers say the new 4D object can implement a range of new product features, such as allowing flat or rolled products to be stacked and then expanding once. Ultimately, the technology can enable the creation of spatial structures in a precisely timed manner in response to components such as temperature, humidity or light stimuli, which can be deployed to a range of medical devices, robots, toys and other structures.

Martin L. Dunn, director of digital manufacturing at the University of Technology and Design in Singapore, said: "The major advancement in this work is 4D printing, which is greatly simplified and can create high-resolution, complex 3D reprogramming products."

The technology promises to enable countless applications in biomedical devices, 3D electronics and consumer products, and even opens up new paradigms for product design, with components ranging from service to multiple configurations.

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