Stepper motor use precautions

Usually, the rotor of the stepping motor is a permanent magnet, and when a current flows through the stator winding, the stator winding generates a vector magnetic field. The magnetic field causes the rotor to rotate an angle such that the pair of magnetic fields in the rotor coincide with the direction of the magnetic field of the stator. When the stator's vector magnetic field is rotated by an angle. The rotor also turns an angle with the magnetic field. Each time an electrical pulse is input, the motor rotates an angle further. The angular displacement of the output is proportional to the number of pulses input, and the rotational speed is proportional to the pulse frequency. Changing the order in which the windings are energized, the motor will reverse. Therefore, the number of control pulses, the frequency, and the energization sequence of the windings of each phase of the motor can be used to control the rotation of the stepping motor.

The various types of motors commonly seen have iron cores and winding coils inside. The winding has resistance, and the power will generate loss. The loss is proportional to the square of the resistance and current. This is the copper loss we often say. If the current is not a standard DC or sine wave, harmonic loss will occur. The core has hysteresis. The eddy current effect also causes loss in the alternating magnetic field, and its magnitude is related to material, current, frequency, and voltage. This is called iron loss. Both copper loss and iron loss are manifested in the form of heat, which affects the efficiency of the motor. Stepper motors generally pursue positioning accuracy and torque output, the efficiency is relatively low, the current is generally large, and the harmonic components are high, and the frequency of the alternating current also varies with the rotational speed. Therefore, the stepping motor generally has a fever condition, and the situation is more general. The AC motor is serious.

1. Stepper motor is used in low speed occasions---the speed per minute does not exceed 1000 rpm, (6666PPS at 0.9 degrees), preferably between 1000-3000PPS (0.9 degrees), which can be used to work here through the reduction gear. At this time, the motor has high working efficiency and low noise;

2. When the motor is at a high speed or a large inertia load, it is generally not started at the working speed, but the gradual up frequency is used to speed up, one motor does not lose the step, and the second can reduce the noise and improve the positioning accuracy of the stop;

3. When high precision, it should be solved by mechanical deceleration, increasing the speed of the motor, or using a driver with high subdivision number. It is also possible to use a 5-phase motor, but the whole system is more expensive, fewer manufacturers, and it is eliminated. The argument is a layman;

4. The motor should not work in the vibration zone, if it must be solved by changing the voltage, current or adding some damping;

5. The motor works below 600PPS (0.9 degrees) and should be driven by small current, large inductance and low voltage.

6. It is better not to use the whole step state of the stepping motor, and the vibration is large in the whole step state;

7. Due to historical reasons, only the motor with the nominal voltage of 12V uses 12V. The voltage value of other motors is not the driving voltage. The driving voltage can be selected according to the driver. (Recommendation: 57BYG uses DC 24V-36V, 86BYG uses DC 50V, 110BYG uses 80V higher than DC. Of course, 12V voltage can be used in addition to 12V constant voltage drive. Other drive power can be used, but temperature rise should be considered.

8. The load with large moment of inertia should choose the motor with large frame size;

9. The principle of selecting the motor after selecting the motor should be followed.