China's LED packaging industry differentiation is more obvious
With the improvement of government and people's awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection and the advancement of LED technology for lighting, LEDs are increasingly used in landscape lighting, traffic lights, interior decorative lights, miner's lamps, navigation lights, automotive LED lights and indoor LEDs. In the market such as decorative lights, and LED has the characteristics of small size, flexible use, and good light directivity, it has its advantages in many application fields.
According to industry research institutes, the demand for global lighting LEDs will increase by 15% in 2010. By 2012, the global LED market share will reach 2 billion US dollars, an average annual increase of 18%. Lighting and landscape lighting such as LED spotlights, high-power LED bulbs will be the main market for power LEDs for lighting. In 2015, LED's market share in China's lighting market will reach 20%, driving the related industry to reach 500 billion yuan, and China will enter the top three in the global LED lighting market.
High-power LEDs continue to increase in mainstream applications
China currently has a mature LED supply chain for lighting, including epitaxial wafers, LED chips and packaging, with a focus on medium and large LCD backlights, LED road lighting and home lighting applications. In 2010, about 30% of China's LED chips are expected to be produced locally, and five years ago, LED chips were almost entirely imported.
In 2009, the world, especially China, has been actively promoting high-power LEDs for lighting. The output of high-power, high-brightness LEDs has steadily increased, although the share of high-power LED production is still small. However, the average cost of LED chips is reduced by 20% to 30% per year, and the brightness is increased by 10 times. With the development of LED chip technology and the speed of mass production, it is expected that prices will continue to fall, and the 2011 LED chip unit lumens offer. It is expected to cut 10% to 20%, and all types of LEDs, including high-power LEDs, will be reduced.
The mid-size and large-size backlight market that has been erupted since 2009 has made the price gap between LED and CCFL backlight units gradually narrow. The price of LED backlight unit is three times that of CCFL in 2007, and it is only 1.5 times that of CCFL at the end of 2009. Therefore, the LED backlight unit seized a large number of traditional CCFL markets in 2010. In view of the cost reduction of key components, LED manufacturers hope that high-power LEDs will occupy mainstream applications in two or three years and become the dominant lighting technology.
Development of high-power LED enterprises mainly at home and abroad
Up to 2010, there are more than one hundred manufacturers of power LEDs for lighting production in China, and the quality of high-power LEDs produced by them are also different. Domestically, we mainly use Guoxing Optoelectronics, Jiuzhou Optoelectronics, Ruifeng Optoelectronics, Quantum Optoelectronics, and Shanxi. LEDs for lighting produced by Guangyu, Zhongzhou Optoelectronics and other manufacturers represent a higher level of domestic devices. Statistics show that Guoxing Optoelectronics, Jiuzhou Optoelectronics and Ruifeng Photoelectricity ranked the top three in the LED lighting market in 2009, among which Ruifeng Optoelectronics ranked first in the Shenzhen market.
Guoxing Optoelectronics pioneered the international high-power LED device structure based on PCB, and realized innovation in substrate materials and production processes. At the end of 2009, Guoxing Optoelectronics set up the LED lighting division and began to engage in the R&D and production of LED application products such as LED lamps and light source modules, and officially entered the downstream of the industry. As a subsidiary of Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Group, Jiuzhou Optoelectronics entered the packaging industry in 2004. In 2007, it expanded its high-power lighting business through mergers and acquisitions, including 100lm/W high-power LED development, LED streetlight core technology and railcars. And research and industrialization of LED lighting products for ships.
At present, more than 90 patents including invention patents have been applied. Ruifeng Optoelectronics is the only company among the top three domestic companies to focus on LED device packaging. It focuses on core technology research and development, and establishes technical cooperation with many universities and colleges in the Mainland and Konka Group in eutectic technology, secondary optics and high. The development of thermal conductive materials, surface roughening technology (currently can increase the light output efficiency of the overall product by more than 30%), the color rendering index of the product (currently up to 95 or more, which far exceeds the specified 80 standard), no light Point surface light source, silica gel molding, ceramic product development and other technical aspects are leading domestic level. Ruifeng Optoelectronics has become a mainstream supplier of optoelectronic devices in the fields of automotive instrumentation, car audio, car DVD, medium and large size LCD backlight, mobile phone, indoor lighting and decorative lighting. The LED output of these manufacturers occupies more than 60% of the domestic market, and the average gross profit margin of the products is around 30%.
At present, these domestic enterprises can be compared with the world's first-tier manufacturers in terms of packaging technology. Therefore, compared with imported devices, domestic packaged lighting power LED devices have great comparative advantages, and the price is also in line with Taiwan products.
At present, foreign manufacturers mainly represent Cree and LumiLEDs, which represent the highest quality high-power LEDs on the market, and basically occupy more than 90% of the global high-power LED high-end market. Because Cree's products are numerous, the high-power LEDs of various specifications are relatively complete, the output is large and the supply is stable, which becomes the mainstream of high-power LEDs. The high-power LEDs produced in Taiwan account for most of the mid-range products in the market, and the high-power LEDs produced by them are cost-effective.
Development characteristics and trend analysis of high power LED
The development of high-power LEDs has always been the main goal of lighting applications. Although it is generally believed that LEDs have a certain threshold in the field of general lighting, with the rapid development of landscape lighting, LCD backlight applications and functional lighting applications such as miner's lamps and street lamps, Power white LEDs are still maintaining a very fast growth rate in terms of technical indicators and expansion of application scale. It is expected that the development speed of high-power LEDs will remain above 50% in the next few years.
According to the LED lighting cost analysis conducted by the National Laboratory of San Diego, the investment cost is to allocate the cost of purchasing a bulb (per mega lumen) to the entire life cycle. The operating cost refers to the cost of a bulb during operation (per mega lumen). When the cost of ownership is the sum of investment costs and operating costs, it reflects the total cost of a bulb from the time of purchase, operation to the end of its life. The development goal of LED lighting technology is: the luminous efficiency is increased from 25lm/W in 2002 to 75lm/W in 2007, 150lm/W in 2010 and 200lm/W in 2020. The luminous cost will be 200 US dollars from 2002/ Thousands of lumens were reduced to $20/thousand lumens in 2007, $5/thousand lumens in 2010, and $2/thousand lumens in 2020. With the expansion of the application field and market scale, the development characteristics and trends of high-power LEDs are gradually changing, showing some new industrial features:
1, the mainstream product LED price is gradually reduced
At present, the market price of 1W white LED products with a luminous flux of 70-90lm produced by Cree is basically maintained at around 17 yuan. The price of the same type of LumiLEDs is around 19-21 yuan; the price of 1W white LED (light flux 70-80lm) in Taiwan, China From 10 yuan to 15 yuan; the price of high-power LEDs in the mainland using imported chip packages is in line with Taiwan products. The price of domestically produced high-power LEDs (50-60lm) is basically around 5.50 yuan.
At present, manufacturers capable of supplying large quantities of white LED power devices in large quantities are still limited to Ruifeng Optoelectronics, Guoxing Optoelectronics, Guangzhou Hongli, and Taiwan Yiguang, Lite-On and other manufacturers, along with the rapid growth of power white LED applications and their continuous light efficiency. Ascending, it is expected that the price of its single LED will gradually decrease.
2, cost and heat dissipation are still the biggest obstacles to LED replacement of traditional lighting
Lighting is the most attractive application area for LEDs, and cost issues are critical to replacing traditional lighting with LEDs. Although the price of LEDs is not as high as that of traditional lamps, and the cost of replacement and maintenance for later use can be saved, the initial cost is often directly subject to the purchase budget. Philips believes that the main bottleneck affecting current LED applications is that lumens are 10 times higher than traditional lighting sources. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency should be increased to 150 lm/W, and the drive current should be increased from 700 mA to 2 A. At the same time, the cost of the die and package should be reduced by half, so that it can be widely used in the field of illumination.
Guan Baiyu, deputy inspector of the Electronic Information Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that LED packaging integrates light and heat in one device, and heat has the greatest impact on LED devices. If lighting is always achieved at high temperatures, it will It greatly affects the life of lighting devices or lamps, so it poses a serious challenge to LED lighting in terms of package structure.
3, high-power LED market has broad prospects for domestic use
At present, the landscape lighting market is the largest application market for high-power LED lighting, accounting for about 43%. Its new round of rapid growth will definitely bring new development momentum to all high-power LED lighting industry. In addition, through the active improvement of materials, process and packaging technology by the world's leading manufacturers of high-power LED technology, the luminous efficiency and performance of high-power LEDs have been rapidly improved. High-power LEDs have begun to go indoor and outdoor general lighting, automotive interior and exterior lighting, searchlights. Waiting for new markets. The high-power LED lighting industry will achieve leap-forward development in the next three to five years, subverting the traditional lighting industry.
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