Anti-jamming measures for CNC machine tools - Solutions - Huaqiang

In the realm of CNC machine tool manufacturing, ensuring processing stability and minimizing external interference are critical for reliable performance. These machines often face various issues during operation, such as random alarms, erratic movements, or positioning errors. Many of these problems stem from improper handling of electrical cabinets during design and installation, leading to system instability. CNC machines can be affected by different types of noise, including conductive, radiated, and induced interference. Conductive noise occurs when signals travel through cables, while radiated noise spreads through electromagnetic fields. Induced noise arises from proximity between signal and power lines, causing unwanted disturbances. To mitigate these issues, several anti-interference measures are essential: 1. **Shielded Enclosures**: Install the control system, including servo amplifiers and spindle drives, within a sealed metal cabinet to reduce electromagnetic interference. 2. **Proper Wiring**: Separate power and signal lines, and route them close to the cabinet’s metal walls to minimize cross-talk. 3. **Shielded Cables**: Use shielded cables for command and feedback signals, ensuring proper grounding to prevent noise intrusion. 4. **Grounding**: Ensure all components are properly grounded, with separate grounding points for signal, chassis, and system grounds. 5. **Filters and Surge Protection**: Install filters on the power input line and surge absorbers to protect against voltage spikes and noise. 6. **AC Reactors and Circuit Breakers**: Use AC reactors behind main contactors and circuit breakers with leakage protection to enhance system reliability. Power supply considerations are also vital. The 24V DC power supply used in FANUC CNC controllers must have sufficient capacity, stable output, and minimal voltage drop under load. It is crucial not to connect I/O points directly to the power supply and to follow proper power-on/off sequences, especially for machines with gravity axes. Electrical cabinet design plays a key role in reducing interference. Metal enclosures should be fully sealed, with welded joints and minimal openings. Conductive gaskets on doors and covers help maintain electromagnetic shielding. Proper grounding ensures that any leakage current is safely directed to earth, protecting both personnel and equipment. By implementing these strategies, manufacturers can significantly improve the stability and reliability of CNC machines, which is essential for their continued dominance in modern manufacturing. Anti-interference measures not only enhance machine performance but also contribute to long-term operational efficiency and safety.

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