Who said that the fire is not tolerant, the BMW car engine also sprays water!

Whether in the carburetor or the current electronically controlled fuel injection (referred to as EFI) system, most of the car engines burn a mixture of gasoline (and of course, combustibles such as diesel and natural gas) and air in the cylinder. But recently, BMW suddenly stood up and said, what is the meaning of spraying gasoline? We also spray water! The water in the cylinder?! Let's talk about it today!

In February of this year, BMW released the modified M4 of the MotoGP race safety car. In addition to the cool appearance, this car also has an engine that can spray high-pressure water mist to the engine intake manifold. Why do you want to add this technology? Let's talk about the essential things to participate in combustion, that is, air (actually oxygen).

For the air, there is a law on our planet (the earth): the higher the temperature, the lower the density (that is, the larger the volume). To give a less rigorous example: If the air is still thin at 10 degrees Celsius, then when it is 100 ° C, the air becomes a fat man. And the hotter and fatter, the number of people in the same large room will change with temperature.

Because the temperature of the air from the turbocharger pump to the engine cylinder is very high (high pressure air), and if the air is cooled before it enters the cylinder, this will inevitably make the "fat become thin" and the air (oxygen) entering the cylinder will More, the engine will burn more and the power will be stronger (there are a lot of advantages anyway). At this stage, car manufacturers have used something called an "intercooler" to cool the air.

â–³ So after reviewing the physics knowledge of junior high school (reviewed by Jun Qi), BMW engineers decided to use some volatile substance to cool it (take away heat when evaporating). The high temperature air and engine temperature are very high, and the water that is cheap and easy to be evaporated can be used as a volatile substance.

In fact, this is the basic principle of the BMW engine water injection system, especially simple?

Maybe you will say that this modified version of the BMW M4 is too far away from our lives. After all, people are safe cars for the event. In June of this year, BMW presented a "BMW Group InnovaTIon Days 2015 Event" event in France to the media to showcase a BMW old 1 Series sedan equipped with water jet technology. The engine is not the one. The 3.0T engine on the M4 is a B38 series 1.5L three-cylinder turbocharged engine that has already been mounted on the MINI.

Although the engine of this car is equipped with a water jet cooling system, it does not spray water on the "half way" (intake manifold) of the cooling air, but directly into the cylinder of the engine! The current car The high-pressure oil pump is used to atomize the fuel and spray it into the cylinder for combustion. The engine of the BMW engine is to mix water and fuel in a certain proportion, and then spray together into the cylinder to participate in the combustion (direct boiling water?).

Since the temperature inside the cylinder is high when the engine is running, water will quickly evaporate into the cylinder to lower the temperature of the combustion chamber, making combustion more complete (more air). The system of the rational and modified version of the M4 has the same effect. It is reported that this 1.5T engine can reach 160kW (218Ps), and the engine on the MINI only has a maximum power of 100kW.

It is said that in some cases, 30% of the mixed liquid sprayed by the high pressure oil pump into the cylinder is water. However, the little friends can not add their own water to the tank of their car. Now, there is no such "skill" in commercial vehicles. Adding water by yourself is definitely not to eat crabs, but to swallow spiders. This acid cool advises you not to taste!

Taking into account the specificity of water (after all, not combustibles), the mixing ratio with fuel, the timing of injection and other data will be closely related to the engine speed, temperature and so on. In addition, compared to the M4's external water tank, BMW engineers will prepare to use the condensate of this 1 series air conditioner as the water source for the water injection system (there must be filtering afterwards, don't think too much). For this, the commentary has some questions: If the air conditioner is not turned on, where does the condensate come from?

However, this technology that seems to be "explosive technology" is actually not the exclusive secret of BMW. The real person behind it is Bosch. Even companies like BMW, who climbed the ground, admit that their water injection systems are also derived from Bosch's technical support. So, other red-eyed friends, you can pick up the phone and order it!

However, BMW is proud of the FW-190 (Fokker Wolf-190), known as the "butcher's bird" during World War II. The BMW 801 engine is equipped with a similar water jet technology (this technology is also At that time, the mainstream aero engine technology of each country). More power, but basically no increase in weight, is simply necessary for military aircraft (especially fighters).

However, subject to the technical conditions at that time, the purely mechanized injection system also made the engine equipped with this technology a nightmare for ground crews. Although Uncle Sam had tried bravely on his own products, but after all, he did not have the precise technical conditions of sensors and injection systems, so this technology has been waiting for the "technology tree" of the automotive industry. Slowly growing, there is no real investment in mass production.

Summary: Because the water injection system can bring a series of advantages such as more complete combustion, lower fuel consumption, and more environmentally friendly emissions, this also makes the auto manufacturers who are “crazy” by the emission regulations seem to find another “Da Dan”. . BMW announced that it will popularize this technology in all its turbocharged engines in the future. As for whether there will be a situation of “removing carbon and removing scale” in the future, let’s wait and see.

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