Introduction to the peak intensity of the luminescence spectrum of LED
The spectrum represents the distribution of light intensity across different wavelengths. For LEDs, especially monochromatic ones, the spectrum typically shows a single peak. For example, a blue LED has its peak at around 470 nm, while ultraviolet LEDs have shorter peak wavelengths and green LEDs have longer ones. These peaks define the limits of measurable light intensity. In contrast, incandescent lamps emit light over a broader range, from the blue region (over 400 nm) to near-infrared (over 700 nm), and can even emit in the ultraviolet and infrared regions. Fluorescent lamps, on the other hand, produce their spectrum based on the phosphor material used, with specific emission peaks corresponding to the phosphor’s luminescent wavelength.
White LEDs differ significantly from traditional red, green, and blue LEDs in terms of spectral characteristics. Instead of a single peak, white LEDs often have multiple peaks—such as two in the blue and yellow regions or three in the blue, yellow, and red regions. This is because white light is created by combining multiple wavelengths. For instance, when blue LEDs are paired with yellow phosphors, the resulting spectrum shows peaks in both the blue and yellow regions. The peak from the blue LED tends to be sharp, while the phosphor-based peak is broader and flatter.
When LEDs are used as backlights for liquid crystal displays (LCDs), it's ideal for the LED spectrum to have peaks in the red, green, and blue regions. This is because the light passes through color filters (red, green, blue) on the LCD panel before reaching the viewer. To achieve this, manufacturers can either use separate red, green, and blue LEDs or opt for a white LED that generates three distinct peaks through advanced phosphor materials.
Comparing the luminescence spectra of blue LEDs with YAG-based phosphors, blue LEDs with ZnSe substrates, and white LEDs using ultraviolet LEDs and RGB phosphors, we see significant differences compared to fluorescent lamps and natural sunlight. Although all may appear white, their spectral distributions vary greatly. In general lighting applications, white LEDs with broad visible spectra are more popular because they closely mimic natural daylight, making colors appear more accurate under their illumination.
Lixun Electronic Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Litian Group, specializing in the production, R&D, and sales of LED testing instruments for lighting applications. Litian Group has established exhibition centers in Europe, the USA, Russia, India, and South Korea, along with local sales representatives. Additionally, the company maintains a research and development center and a world-class lighting inspection laboratory in Shanghai, ensuring high-quality products and cutting-edge technology.
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