Neon principle danger and preventive measures
As an important branch of electric light source, neon light is the most widely used decorative lantern. With the rapid development of China's market economy, neon lights play an important role in prospering the city economy, promoting business activity, increasing the vitality of the city and increasing the visibility of the city. At present, neon lights are booming in large, medium and small cities in China, and neon signs are showing a thriving trend. However, neon lights bring beautiful enjoyment to people's nightlife, but also bring new fire hazards to the city.
The ignition voltage of the neon tube is higher than 10,000 volts. It needs to be boosted by a special neon transformer. If there is dust and oil on the insulated terminal of the high-voltage output of the transformer, leakage and ignition will occur in wet weather. When the power consumption of the transformer increases, the temperature rises sharply and is burned out; if the wire connecting the transformer and the metal electrode is insulated or overloaded, it is easy to cause a short circuit of the wire and cause a fire. Effective and effective precautions must be taken to avoid neon fires.
In order to prevent fires caused by the use of neon lights, it is necessary to take active and effective preventive measures from the production, installation, use and maintenance of neon lights.
Neon production must be carried out in strict accordance with manufacturing standards and procedures. If the neon light tube is not vacuumed or the vacuum is not enough when making neon patterns and text shapes, after filling the gas such as helium or neon, the glass tube will overheat during operation, causing overheating of the transformer. Internal short circuit. Therefore, the exhaust vacuum of the neon tube should reach 10-15 Pa, and the filling pressure should reach 1.07~1.33 kPa, and it should be well maintained for a long time;
Before installing neon lights, you must understand the power supply capacity of the installation unit to match the electrical performance of the neon lighting system to the capacity of the unit power supply. Avoid small horse-drawn carts, overloading electrical lines and causing fires. The number of neon transformers that can be connected to a branch circuit is generally specified as the sum of the rated primary currents of the connected neon transformers and should be less than 30A. It is reasonable to use transformers of different power according to the length of the lamp, and no overload or insufficient load is allowed;
The neon transformer should be securely fastened to the support frame and the base must be of non-combustible material. There must be no combustibles around the neon transformer. The height from the ground should be no less than 3m. When the distance is less than 3m, it must be separated by a metal mesh. The neon transformer should be installed near the neon lamp of the transformer load. The length of the output line is generally not more than 1m. The structure does not allow the use of combustible materials. The transformer is connected by fasteners, and the connection between the wire terminal and the wire should have reliable measures to prevent loosening;
The transformer used in neon is a special transformer different from other types of lighting. Such a transformer must supply a high voltage of 10,000 to 15,000 V to break down the gaseous medium in the neon glass tube, so that the tube begins to discharge glow. Therefore, the core and the housing of the transformer must have a good connection and a grounding device with a grounding resistance of no more than 0.1 Ω. The high-voltage wiring of the neon transformer and the connecting line between the lamps shall be made of flame-retardant insulating rubber wire with a rated voltage of not less than 15kV, and comply with the "Safety and Performance Requirements for Neon Transformers (Trial)" (ND/T106-1998) Requirements. The neon transformer high-voltage wiring output terminal, the high-voltage wiring connection point, and the connection point between the high-voltage wiring and the lamp tube are insulated by an insulating sheath or an insulating cloth, and the distance between the high-voltage wires should be not less than 5 cm;
When the electric welding oxygen cutting construction is carried out on the steel members used as the neon support frame, it must be carried out by the personnel holding the special operation operation certificate. Before the construction, the combustible materials around the site must be removed, and the fire extinguishing equipment should be placed on site to ensure the fire safety;
Lightning protection facilities must be installed when neon signs (light boxes) exceed the surrounding buildings or exceed 20 m above the ground. The roof of the building is provided with a lightning protection net or a ring lightning protection device roof, and the neon support iron frame can be connected with the roof lightning protection net;
Neon signs may not be installed in hazardous areas of flammable and explosive places. The neon lamp is an electrical device that uses high-voltage electricity to break through the inert gas and emits colored light. The power supply is generally applied to the electrodes at both ends of the lamp tube after being pressurized by a transformer of a 220V single-phase power supply to 10 to 15 kV. From the transformer to the electrode, and the connecting wire between the electrode and the electrode are relatively thin, and withstand high voltage and low current, the electrode joint is prone to aging short circuit or open circuit after long-term exposure to wind, sun and rain. If the ends of the circuit are close together, the high voltage can penetrate the air and continue to be energized to form a high temperature arc. Therefore, the installation of neon lights in the gas station, especially above the fueling island, does not meet the fire safety requirements of gas stations. If the gas station needs to use neon lights for nighttime publicity, it should be installed in the safety part outside the station according to fire protection requirements;
The neon use unit must be enhanced for maintenance. The transformer installed outdoors should periodically clean the dirt on the insulated terminals to avoid high-voltage air conduction. The length of the neon tube joint is not more than 8mm. The electrode lead wire is sealed securely and sealed with a flame-retardant insulating material. The lamp holder is not less than 6 cm from the neon electrode end, and the gap between the neon lamps must be not less than 6 cm. When neon is used as a light source or neon is combined with other light sources, the light box material should be made of flame retardant material.
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