These quality concepts, as an electric person, you must know

1, ISO9000 VS ISO9001

ISO9000 does not refer to a standard, but a collective term for a family of standards. The ISO 9000 family standard is a concept proposed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1994 and refers to the international standard established by ISO/Tc 176 (International Organization for Standardization Quality Management and Quality Assurance Technical Committee).

ISO 9001 is one of a core set of quality management system standards included in the ISO 9000 family of standards. It is used to demonstrate the organization's ability to provide products that meet customer requirements and applicable regulatory requirements with the goal of enhancing customer satisfaction. It includes four core standards: quality management system – foundation and terminology, quality management system – requirements, quality management system – performance improvement guidelines, quality and environmental management system audit guidelines.

2, test VS test

Detection: It is known from the definition that “detection” is only a technical operation. It only needs to operate according to the prescribed procedures and provide the measured results. When there is no explicit requirement, it is not necessary to give the judgment whether the test data is qualified or not.

Inspection: An inspection is an activity performed on one or more characteristics of an entity, such as measurement, inspection, testing, or quality, and comparing the results to specified requirements to determine the eligibility of each characteristic. As can be seen from the definition, "inspection" not only provides data, but also needs to be compared with the specified requirements, and then judge whether it is qualified or not.

3. Certification VS Approval

Certification refers to the conformity assessment activities that the certification body certifies that the products, services, and management systems meet the mandatory requirements or standards of relevant technical specifications and related technical specifications.

Accreditation refers to the conformity assessment activities recognized by the accreditation body for the certification body, inspection institutions, laboratories, and the qualifications and qualifications of personnel engaged in certification activities such as accreditation and auditing.

4, CNAS VS CMA

CMA, China Metrology Certification, short for ChinaMetrology Accreditation. "The People's Republic of China Measurement Law" provides that: provide notarization data for the society product quality inspection institutions, it must be verification, testing capability and reliability of passing the examination, the examination called metered by the people's government administrative departments above the provincial level Certification. Measurement certification is a means for China to conduct mandatory examinations for inspection institutions (labs) that issue notarized data for the society through measurement legislation. It can be said that the government with Chinese characteristics has mandatory recognition of laboratories. The data provided by the product quality inspection agency that has passed the measurement certification is used for the purpose of trade certification, product quality evaluation and result identification as notarized data, and has legal effect.

CNAS: China National Accreditation Service for Coinformation Assessment (CNAS) is a national accreditation body approved and established by the National Certification and Accreditation Administration under the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Certification and Accreditation. Responsible for the accreditation of certification bodies, laboratories and inspection agencies. Laboratory accreditation is voluntary participation by the organization. The standard used is equivalent iso/iec17025:2005. It has a mutual recognition agreement with the international laboratory accreditation cooperation organization ILAC and mutual recognition.

5, internal audit VS external audit

Internal audit is to improve the internal management, through the corrective measures and preventive measures for the problems found, to promote quality improvement, internal audit, first-party audit, and see how their own company is running.

The external audit generally refers to the certification company's audit of the company, third-party audit, to see if the company is operating according to the standard system, can not give the certificate.

1. Certification body

It refers to an institution that has been approved by the certification and accreditation regulatory department of the State Council and has obtained legal person status according to law and can engage in certification activities within the scope of approval.

2, review

Refers to a systematic, independent, and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and objectively evaluating it to determine the extent to which the audit criteria are met.

3. Auditor

Refers to those who have the ability to conduct an audit.

4. Local certification supervision and management department

It refers to the quality and technical supervision department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government authorized by the national certification and accreditation regulatory authority, and the entry-exit inspection and quarantine institution set up by the quality supervision, inspection and quarantine department of the State Council.

5, CCC certification

Refers to compulsory product certification.

6. Laboratory and inspection agency qualifications

It is the condition and ability that laboratories and inspection agencies should have in order to produce evidence-based data and results.

7. Accreditation of laboratories and inspection institutions

Refers to the evaluation and recognition of the basic conditions and capabilities of the quality and technical supervision departments of the National Certification and Accreditation Administration and the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government for compliance with laws, administrative regulations and relevant technical norms or standards. activity.

8, measurement certification

It refers to the metrological verification of the product quality inspection agency that provides the fair data for the society, the working performance of the test equipment, the working environment and the operational skills and guarantees of the personnel in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations. Uniform and accurate measures of quantity and assessment of the ability of the quality system to test data with fairness and reliability.

9. Review and approval (acceptance)

It refers to the State Certification and Accreditation Administration and the local quality inspection department in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations, on the inspection capability and quality system of the inspection agency that undertakes the inspection of the product and the inspection agency that undertakes the supervision and inspection tasks of other standards. Review.

10, laboratory capability verification

Refers to the use of inter-laboratory comparison to determine the laboratory's detection capabilities.

11. Mutual Recognition Agreement MRA

(Mutual recognition agreement) means that the two governments or conformity assessment agencies sign a mutual recognition agreement on the results of a specific conformity assessment and accept the results of the conformity assessment of the specific conformity assessment body within the scope of the agreement.

1. Applicant/certified client

Various organizations that are registered in the administrative department of industry and commerce according to law and receive business licenses, including various organizations with legal personality, as well as other organizations that are legally established, have certain organizational structures and property, but do not have legal personality, such as sole proprietorship Enterprises, partnerships, partnership-type joint ventures, Chinese-foreign cooperation, business enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises that do not have legal person status, branches established by law to establish and obtain business licenses, and individual industrial and commercial households. Note: The applicant becomes a certificate holder after obtaining the certificate.

2, manufacturer / product producer

A legal person organization at one or several fixed locations that is responsible for the design, manufacture, evaluation, processing, and storage of products that are responsible for the product's continued compliance with the requirements and that are fully responsible for those aspects.

3. Production plant (production site) / commissioned production enterprise

The final assembly and/or testing of certified products and the use of certification marks and certification agencies to implement tracking services. Note: Generally, the manufacturer should be the place where the final assembly, routine inspection, confirmation inspection (if any), packaging, product nameplate and certification mark are carried out. When the above process of the product cannot be completed in one place, a more complete place including at least routine, confirmed inspection (if any), product nameplate and certification mark should be selected for inspection and retained to the rest of the site. Further check the rights.

4, OEM

(OriginalEquipmentManufacturer) The production plant that produces certified products according to the design, production process control and inspection requirements provided by the client. Note: The principal can be the applicant or the manufacturer. The OEM production plant produces certified products under the equipment of the OEM manufacturer according to the design, production process control and inspection requirements provided by the client. Trademarks of different applicants/manufacturers can be used. Different principals, OEMs should be inspected separately, and the system elements are not duplicated, but the production process control and inspection requirements of the products and the consistency check of the products are not exempt.

5, ODM

(OriginalDesignManufacturer) A factory that designs, processes, and manufactures the same product for one or more manufacturers using the same quality assurance capability requirements, same product design, production process control, and inspection requirements.

6. ODM initial certification certificate holder

An organization that holds ODM products for the first time to obtain a product certification. 1.7 Suppliers provide components, components, and raw materials for the production of certified products. Note: When the supplier is a trader/seller at the time of certification application, the manufacturer or manufacturer of the components, components, and raw materials should also be identified.

1. New application

All certification applications except for the change application and review application are new applications.

2. Expansion application

Applicants, manufacturers, and production plants have certified products, and new applications for certification of similar products have been added. Note: Similar products refer to products within the same factory definition code.

3. Application for expansion

Applicants, manufacturers, and production plants have certified products, and new applications for certification of different types of products have been added. Note: Different types of products refer to products within the range of different factory definition codes.

4, ODM mode application

Application in ODM mode. The ODM model, that is, the ODM production plant, is a commissioned manufacturing model for the manufacturer to design, process, and produce products based on documents such as related agreements with manufacturers.

5. Change request

The applicant's application for certificate information, organization, and changes that may affect product consistency.

6. Review application

Before the validity period of the certificate is about to expire, the licensee needs to continue to hold the certificate and apply again for the certified product. Note: The application for review should be submitted before the certificate expires, and a new certificate will be issued before the certificate expires, otherwise it will be regarded as a new application.

7. Unconventional factory inspection

Due to the long detection period or other reasons, the company shall apply for the factory inspection with the approval of the certification body and the application for the certification of the product form has not been completed.

1. Product inspection / product type test

Product inspection refers to the process of determining product characteristics through testing in the product certification system, including sample requirements and testing evaluation requirements. The product type test is a test to verify that the product meets all the requirements of the product standard. Product inspection broadly includes product type testing; in the narrow sense, product inspection refers to tests conducted according to some indicators of product standards or product characteristic standards. Currently, tests based on product safety standards are also defined as product type tests.

2. Routine inspection / process inspection

Routine inspection is a 100% inspection of products on the production line at the final stage of production. After inspection, no further processing is carried out except for packaging and labeling. Note: Routine inspections are permitted using an equivalent, fast method that is validated after verification.

Process inspection is the inspection of the first piece, semi-finished product or key process in the production process, which can be 100% inspection or sampling inspection. Process inspection is applicable to materials processing products, and the term “process inspection” is generally used in the corresponding standards.

3. Confirmation inspection / factory inspection

The verification test is a sampling test to verify that the product continues to meet the standard requirements. The confirmation test shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in the standard. Note: If the manufacturer does not have the test equipment, the verification test can be commissioned by a competent laboratory.

The factory inspection is the final inspection of the product at the factory. The factory inspection is applicable to material processing products, and the term “factory inspection” is generally used in the corresponding standards. The factory inspection must be completed by the factory.

4. Designated test

In order to evaluate the consistency of the product, the manufacturer conducts tests at the production site according to the items selected by the inspector according to the standard (or certification rules).

1, factory inspection

Inspection of the factory's factory quality assurance capabilities and certification product consistency.

2. Initial factory inspection

Factory inspection of the manufacturer applying for certification before certification.

3. Supervision and inspection after obtaining the certificate

In order to ensure that the certified products continue to meet the certification requirements, regular or irregular factory inspections of the production plants, supervision and inspection often carry out factory supervision sampling inspection activities.

4. Normal supervision and inspection

Post-certification supervision and inspection in accordance with the supervision cycle specified in the certification rules. Usually referred to as supervision and inspection. The method of prior notice and inspection without prior notice may be adopted.

5, flight inspection

One form of normal supervision and inspection is to send the inspection team to the production site directly according to the relevant regulations without prior notice to the licensee/production plant, and to conduct factory supervision inspection and/or factory supervision sampling for the certified enterprise.

6, special supervision and inspection

One form of supervision and inspection after certification is to supervise inspections and/or factory supervision of production plants according to the provisions of the certification rules. Note: Special supervision and inspection cannot replace normal supervision and inspection.

1. Evaluation

The inspection/inspection of certified products and the review of the quality assurance capabilities of the manufacturer and the inspection of product consistency are required in accordance with the certification rules.

2, review

Before the certification decision, confirm the integrity, authenticity, and conformity of the information provided by the product certification application, evaluation activities, and the suspension, cancellation, cancellation, and restoration of the certification certificate.

3. Certification decision

Determine the validity of the certification activity and make a final decision on whether to obtain certification and to approve, maintain, suspend, cancel, cancel, and resume the certificate.

4, the initial evaluation

The component of the certification decision is the confirmation of the completeness, conformity and validity of the information provided in the final stage of the product certification evaluation activity.

5. Review