Diversification of transmission methods The characteristics of the third-generation grid increasingly clear

Diversification of transmission methods The reporter recently learned from the State Grid Corporation of China that since 2012, China’s UHV projects have made continuous progress, and the “highways” of the UHV AC projects in Huainan-Nanjing-Shanghai and Zhejiang-Fuzhou have obtained “roads”; Zhangbei-Wuhan-Nanchang and Jingbian- Weifang and Luan Bin-Lianyungang Exchange, Ningdong-Zhejiang, Ximeng-Jiangsu DC and other "Ultra-high-voltage projects" during the 12th Five-Year Plan are fully started; the Huai-Nanbei-Shanghai UHV AC project is under construction; Haminan-Zhengzhou The construction of the Xiluodu-Zhexi UHV DC project; the Jinping-Sulnan UHV DC project, especially the multi-pass UHVDC project, will accelerate the construction of the “Three China” synchronous power grid and form a strong The terminal power grid put forward urgent requirements, and the call for speed increase of UHV AC projects has also grown.

AC and DC need coordinated development

It is understood that the UHV DC project adopts a point-to-point approach and has less interference with the operation of the power grid. It has been supported by various parties including the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration. Corresponding lines are more likely to receive roads. In contrast, UHV AC projects are controversial due to high technical difficulty, large investment, and changes in the existing grid structure. The government is more cautious about the project's argumentation and approval.

Therefore, compared with UHV DC projects, the progress of UHV AC projects is slow. Up to now, there has been an exchange of 1 UHV across the country, namely, the Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen 1000kv UHV AC project; 3 pre-approved projects, Ximeng-Nanjing, Huainan-Nanjing-Shanghai, and Zhejiang-Fuzhou etc. 1000 kV UHV AC project; 1 under construction, Suidian Dongdong 1000 kV Huainan-Northern Zhejiang-Shanghai UHV AC project.

What are the characteristics of UHV DC and AC projects? Zhang Yunzhou, dean of the State Grid Energy Research Institute, briefed reporters recently: “The exchange has a network function and can flexibly collect, transport, and distribute electricity. It is the basis for grid construction and safe operation; DC is mainly a transmission function in large-capacity, ultra-long-distance. It has economic advantages in terms of power transmission. Large-scale DC access terminals need to rely on a strong AC power grid to ensure safe and reliable operation.”

“The scientific collocation of UHV AC lines and DC lines will enable efficient, economical and stable power transmission, and both should be coordinated and synchronized.” Bai Jianhua, deputy chief economist of the State Grid Energy Research Institute, said in an interview earlier this year that “ After constructing a system from the exchange, the load can be adjusted on the demand side through the peak shifting method, and the energy advantages between the provinces can also be complemented on the supply side.” At present, UHV DC has achieved cross-regional connectivity, and future UHV AC Should also cross regions.

UHV advantages have become increasingly apparent

Facts have proved that with the growing maturity of China's UHV technology, economic and environmental benefits have become increasingly apparent, and their opposition has also been declining. Take the newly commissioned Sichuan Jinping-Jiangsu Sunan ±800kv UHV DC transmission project as an example. Since the low-end DC commissioning and transmission of electricity on June 13, 2012, this project has effectively ensured the timely and smooth operation of the Sichuan surplus hydropower in the flood season. The delivery effectively relieved the tension during the peak summer of 2012 in Jiangsu and East China. Among them, Suzhou Power Grid has achieved the goal of “opening the whole network with full load, and not limiting the electricity all year round” for the first time since 2003.

At the same time, with the construction of the Hami South-Zhengzhou, Xiluodu-Zhexi UHV DC projects, and the Jinping-Sunan UHV DC project, the country’s electrical equipment manufacturing capacity has greatly improved, further consolidating China’s The "innovation" and "lead" status in the world's UHV transmission field means that China has the conditions for large-scale construction of UHV power grids and realizes the vision of "coal from the air and electricity to send to China."

For the UHV AC project, Zhang Guobao, deputy director of the Economic Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC, is quite representative: “The 1 million-volt AC transmission project from southeastern Shanxi to Jingmen has in fact connected the North China and Central China (including Sichuan-Chongqing) grids into one large synchronous grid. Safe operation for the past four years, and there have been no security concerns raised by opponents, and the two major power grids in North China and Central China have achieved complementary water and fire during the wet and dry periods.”

Therefore, the dispute should be tested and selected by practice and market. With the continuous progress of the UHV DC project, more and more people in the industry are calling for an acceleration of the UHV AC project. For example, the relevant person in charge of Inner Mongolia Electric Power Group Co., Ltd. told reporters: "The construction of the UHV AC/DC hybrid power grid for the State Grid must be coordinated."

Independent Innovation Management

At present, China is still in a stage of rapid development. The demand for electricity will continue to rise; energy resources and demand will be reversely distributed; new hydropower will be concentrated in Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet, and new wind power will be mainly distributed in the “Three North” region. The power generation is concentrated development (Northern West) and the decentralized layout gives equal weight to the large-scale, cross-regional coal, water, wind and solar energy deployment pattern; the power flow is the overall pattern of 'from west to east, from north to south', across provinces and regions. The power flow will continue to expand.

At the same time, with the distributed power supply accessing the 380 volt and 10 kilovolt power grids, a large number of low-voltage power grids have become active power grids; access to the micro power grids... China’s future power grid structure has been pointed out by Zhou Xiaoxin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. : "Compared with the second-generation power grids that rely on highly efficient fossil energy, nuclear power generation, large-scale hydropower, and centralized power generation, the development of third-generation power grids will account for a large proportion of non-fossil energy generation, and the form of power generation will be large. The combination of centralized power generation and distributed power generation will result in the adoption of a combination of backbone power grids, local power grids, and micro-grid power grids in the third generation of power grids.

There is no doubt that UHV power grids will be an important part of China's third-generation power grids, especially for large-scale DC centralized feeds, parallel operation of AC and DC, and accelerated development of new energy sources, distributed power sources, and microgrids. The operation and management of the power grid brings new challenges. At the same time, the operation and management of a large-scale AC-DC hybrid power grid can not be used internationally without mature experience and technology. It is necessary to take the road of independent innovation, innovate operation management, and fully guarantee the safe and stable operation of the large power grid.

In this regard, the State Grid will carry out studies on the operating mechanism and laws of the UHV AC-DC hybrid power grid, optimize operational control strategies, improve risk prevention and control measures, and enhance safety early warning, prevention, and pre-control capabilities to achieve controllability and controllability. control. In the next step, the State Grid will accelerate the construction of high-voltage power transmission projects from east to west, Hami South-Zhengzhou, and Xiluodu-Zhexi; promote the approval of the Yaan-Wuhan Exchange Project, and obtain the “Road” from the Mengxi-Changsha Exchange Project; and complete Jingbian-Weifang UHV engineering feasibility studies.

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